Mekhoa ea ho lekanya phallo ea ultrasound e fapana ho latela litlhoko tsa ts'ebeliso, phihlello ea lisebelisoa, le litlhoko tsa ho nepahala. Ka tlase ke tlhaloso e qaqileng ea mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho lekanya, mekhoa ea eona, le lintho tse sebetsang tse lokelang ho nahanoa:
1. Tekanyo ea Feme (Tekanyetso ea Motheo)
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E theha ho nepahala ha motheo pele e kenngoa, e sebelisa litsamaiso tsa litšupiso tse nepahetseng.
Mokhoa oa ho sebetsa
Tekanyo ea Sekoahelo sa Phallo:
Methara e kentswe ka hara sekgoqetsane sa phallo se laolwang se nang le dibopeho tse tsejwang tsa mokelikeli (mohlala, mocheso, viscosity) le sekgahla sa phallo se hlahiswang ke dipompo kapa diturbine.
Limithara tsa litšupiso (mohlala, Coriolis, turbine, kapa limithara tsa mofuta oa piston tse nang le ho nepahala ho tlase ho 0.1%) li sebelisoa ho lekanya phallo ka nako e le 'ngoe.
Litekanyo tsa mithara ea ultrasound li bapisoa khahlanong le litšupiso ho lokisa liphoso (mohlala, li-offsets tsa nako ea phetisetso kapa litšekamelo tsa ts'ebetso ea matšoao).
Tefo ea Mocheso le Khatello:
Ho lekanya ho kenyelletsa liteko ho pholletsa le mocheso o lebeletsoeng, kaha lebelo la maqhubu a ultrasonic le itšetlehile haholo ka mocheso.
Melemo
Ho nepahala ho hoholo (hangata ± 0.5% kapa ho feta) ka lebaka la maemo a laolwang.
E fana ka ho latela maemo a naha a tekanyo (mohlala, NIST, UKAS).
Meeli
Ha e khonehe bakeng sa limithara tse kentsoeng tšimong; e hloka ho qhaqhoa le ho romelloa.
2. Mekhoa ea ho Lekanya Tšimo
a. Sekala sa Phallo se nkehang habobebe (Netefatso ea Sebakeng)
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Netefatso e potlakileng ea tšimo ntle le ho tlosa mithara.
Mokhoa oa ho sebetsa
Li-calibrator tsa Mofuta oa Piston:
Sesebelisoa se nkehang habobebe se hlahisa mokelikeli o tsejoang ha nako e ntse e ea (mohlala, 10 L ka metsotsoana e 10 = sekhahla sa phallo ea 1 L/s).
Sekala sa ho lekanya se hokahantsoe ka nakoana le phaephe (kapa tsela e fetang ka tsela) ho theha phallo e laoloang ea phallo.
Karabelo ea mithara ea ultrasound e bapisoa le tlhahiso ea calibrator ho lekola ho nepahala.
Li-Calibrator tsa Ultrasonic Doppler:
Sebelisa probe e arohaneng ea Doppler ho lekanya lebelo la phallo ka boikemelo, ebe u bapisa le lipalo tsa mithara e reriloeng.
Melemo
E nkehang habobebe ebile ha e kenelle; e loketse li-transducer tse thibang.
E potlakile ho feta tekanyo ea fektheri (lihora tse 1-2 ka mithara).
Meeli
Ho nepahala ho tlase ho feta mekhoa ea fektheri (hangata mamello ea liphoso tsa ± 1–2%).
Ha ea lokela litsamaiso tse phallang ka bongata kapa tse nang le khatello e phahameng.
b. Papiso ea Methara ea Litšupiso (Tlhokomelo e Tšoanang)
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Netefatso ea ho nepahala ha nako e telele lits'ebetsong tsa bohlokoa.
Mokhoa oa ho sebetsa
Kenya sesupa-tsela sa bobedi, se nepahetseng haholo (mohlala, Coriolis, turbine) se bapile le sesupa-tsela sa ultrasonic.
Bapisa lipalo-palo tse pakeng tsa limithara tse peli ha nako e ntse e ea.
Fetola diparamitha tsa mithara ya ultrasonic (mohlala, keketseho, ho fokotsa nako ya transit) haeba diphapang di feta mamello (mohlala, >0.5% ya sekala se felletseng).
Melemo
E fana ka netefatso ea nako ea sebele ntle le ho sitisa phallo.
E loketse bakeng sa phetisetso ea tlhokomelo ea ngoana kapa likopo tsa ho lefisa.
Meeli
Litšenyehelo tse phahameng ka lebaka la lisebelisoa tse eketsehileng le ho kenya.
Ho hlokahala ho otloloha ho lekaneng ha liphaephe bakeng sa limithara ka bobeli.
c. Ketsiso ea Phallo ka Matla a Khomphutha a Matla (CFD)
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Netefatsa tshebetso diprofaeleng tse rarahaneng tsa phallo (mohlala, kamora ho kobeha ha diphaephe).
Mokhoa oa ho sebetsa
Sebelisa software ea CFD ho etsa mohlala oa tšimo ea phallo ho potoloha mithara ea ultrasound.
Diparamitha tsa ho kenya tse kang bophara ba phaephe, sekgahla sa phallo, le dibopeho tsa moferefere.
Bapisa ho ata ha maqhubu a ultrasound ho boletsoeng esale pele mohlala le lipalo tsa 'nete tsa mithara.
Melemo
Ha e sitise; ha ho hlokahale diphetoho tsa mmele.
E thusa ho lemoha liphoso tse amanang le ho kenya (mohlala, sebaka se sa lokelang sa transducer).
Meeli
Ho hlokahala tsebo ea ho etsa mohlala oa CFD.
Ho nepahala ho itshetlehile ka botshepehi ba diparamitha tsa ho kenya.
3. Ho Itlhokomela (Tlhahlobo e Hahiloeng kahare)
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Tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle ea nako ea sebele le liphetoho tse nyane.
Mokhoa oa ho sebetsa
Tlhahlobo ea Botsitso ba Nako ea Lipalangoang:
Methara e lekanya nako ea leeto la maqhubu a ultrasound khafetsa.
Ho kheloha ho tloha qalong (mohlala, ka lebaka la ho silafatsa ha transducer kapa ho kenngoa ha liphaephe) ho baka litemoso.
Tlhahlobo ea Karolelano ea Letšoao ho Lerata (SNR):
E lekola matla a matshwao a ultrasound a amohetsweng.
SNR e tlase e ka bontša ho senyeha ha transducer kapa tšilafalo ea mokelikeli.
Boitlhakiso ba Mocheso:
Li-sensor tsa mocheso oa kahare lia ikamahanya le liphetoho tsa lebelo la maqhubu, e leng se fokotsang ho kheloha.
Melemo
Ha ho hlokahale lisebelisoa tsa kantle; tlhokomelo e tsoelang pele.
E theko e tlase bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse seng tsa bohlokoa.
Meeli
Ha e khone ho lokisa bakeng sa ho kheloha ho hoholo ha ho nepahala (mohlala, ka lebaka la tšenyo ea transducer).
E hloka netefatso ea nako le nako ka mekhoa ea kantle.
4. Tekanyo bakeng sa Mefuta e Ikhethang ea Ultrasonic
a. Limithara tsa Nako ea Lipalangoang
Tsepamiso ea Bohlokoa: Lekanya litekanyo tsa nako ea lipalangoang khahlanong le sekhahla sa phallo.
Mehato e Ikhethang:
Lokisa liphello tsa mocheso lebelong la maqhubu (mohlala, ho sebelisa thermocouple ka har'a phaephe).
Netefatsa sekhutlo sa mahlasedi a ultrasonic (hangata 45°–60°) ho netefatsa tekanyo e nepahetseng ea karolo ea lebelo.
b. Limithara tsa Doppler
Tsepamiso ea Bohlokoa: Lekanya phetoho ea maqhubu khahlanong le lebelo la likaroloana.
Mehato e Ikhethang:
Hlahisa mahloriso a tsebahalang a dikarolwana (mohlala, dibead tsa tracer) ho etsisa phallo.
Fetola di-setting tsa gain ho ntlafatsa ponahatso ya letshwao ho tswa ho dikarolwana.
5. Mekhoa e Metle ea ho Lekanya
- Litlhahlobo tsa Pele ho Tekanyo
Netefatsa hore phaephe e tlatsitsoe ka botlalo ka mokelikeli (ha ho na lipokotho tsa moea).
Netefatsa ho otloloha ha transducer (bakeng sa mehlala ea clamp-on) le libaka tse kolobisitsoeng (bakeng sa li-transducer tse moleng).
- Mokelikeli oa ho Lekanya
Sebelisa mokelikeli oa 'nete oa ts'ebetso haeba ho khoneha; ho seng joalo, sebelisa sebaka sa thepa e tšoanang ea molumo (mohlala, metsi bakeng sa metsi a sa thekeseleng).
- Ho Rekota Lintlha
Diparamitha tsa tlhahlobo ya tokomane (sekgahla sa phallo, mocheso, kgatello) le diphetoho tse entsweng.
Boloka ho latela maemo a tlhahlobo (mohlala, linomoro tsa setifikeiti).
6. Maqhubu a Tekanyo ka Mokhoa
Mokhoa oa ho nepahala ha nako e tloaelehileng Boemo ba ho tšoaneleha
Tekanyo ea fektheri Hang pele ho ho kenngoa ±0.5% kapa ho feta Limithara tse ncha kapa litokiso tse kholo
Sekala sa ho lekanya se nkehang habobebe dikgwedi tse 6–24 ±1–2% Ditlhahlobo tsa tshimo tsa kamehla
Papiso ea mithara ea litšupiso likhoeli tse 3-12 ± 0.5% Taolo ea bohlokoa ea ho lefa kapa ea ts'ebetso
Ho itlhahloba ka bohona Ho tswela pele ±2–3% Tlhokomelo ya bophelo bo botle ya nako ya sebele
Qetello
Tekanyo ea mithara ea phallo ea ultrasonic e kopanya litekanyetso tsa mantlha tse thehiloeng fekthering le mekhoa ea netefatso ea tšimo e etselitsoeng litlhoko tsa ts'ebeliso. Bakeng sa litlhoko tse nepahetseng haholo (mohlala, phetisetso ea tlhokomelo), li-meter tsa litšupiso tse tsamaeang ka tsela e ts'oanang kapa tlhahlobo ea fektheri ea nako le nako lia hlokahala, athe lits'ebetso tse seng tsa bohlokoa li ka itšetleha ka li-calibrator tse nkehang habonolo kapa litlhahlobo tsa ho itlhahloba. Kamehla lumellanya mekhoa ea tlhahlobo le litataiso tsa moetsi le litekanyetso tsa indasteri (mohlala, ISO, API) ho netefatsa hore ho latela le ho latela melao.
Nako ea poso: Phuptjane-22-2025