Bula kanaleli-flowmeterli bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho lekanyeng phallo ea metsi lits'ebetsong tse se nang khatello tse kang linoka, likanale tsa nosetso, liphaephe tsa metsi a pula, le likanale tsa metsi a litšila tsa indasteri. Ho tenyetseha ha tsona le ho ikamahanya le maemo ha tsona li li entse tsa bohlokoa libakeng tse fapaneng tsa jeokrafi le tsa indasteri. Ka tlase ke lithuto tse hlahelletseng tse totobatsang lits'ebetso tsa tsona tsa lefats'e la nnete lefatšeng ka bophara.
1. Taolo ea Moroallo Netherlands: Li-flowmeter tsa Doppler Radar
Netherlands, naha e tlaase e kotsing e kholo ea likhohola, e sebelisa li-flowmeter tsa radar tsa Doppler tse tsoetseng pele marang-rang a eona a maholo a linoka le likanale. Karolong ea Rhine-Meuse delta, li-sensor tsa radar tse sa amaneng le batho (mohlala, Teledyne RD Instruments' FlowTrack II) li kentsoe marokhong le li-erbankeng ho lekanya lebelo la phallo ea nako ea sebele nakong ea liketsahalo tsa sefefo. Limithara tsena li fana ka lintlha tsa bohlokoa ho mehlala ea ho bolela esale pele likhohola, li nolofalletsa balaoli ho kenya tšebetsong litsamaiso tsa temoso ea pele le ho hokahanya likarabelo tsa maemo a tšohanyetso. Mohlala, nakong ea likhohola tsa Europe tsa 2021, li-flowmeter tsa radar Nokeng ea Maas li thusitse ho bolela esale pele maemo a metsi ka ho nepahala ha ±2%, li lumella metse ho tsoa libakeng tse kotsing e kholo ka potlako.
2. Bokgoni ba ho Nosetsa Australia:Methapo ea Ultrasonic Open Channel
Libakeng tse omeletseng tsa temo tsa Australia, khaello ea metsi e hloka taolo e nepahetseng ea nosetso. Murray-Darling Basin, sebaka sa bohlokoa se hlahisang lijo, se sebelisali-flowmeter tsa kanale e bulehileng ea ultrasonic(mohlala, 6600V2 ea YSI) e kopantsoe le lifomo ho lekanya kabo ea metsi likanaleng tsa nosetso. Limithara tsena, tse kentsoeng lithabeng le likotong tsa likanale, li lekola sekhahla sa phallo ka ho nepahala ha ±1%, li netefatsa hore balemi ba khomarela litekanyetso tsa kabo ea metsi le ho fokotsa litšila. Mohlala, phuputso ea nyeoe ea 2022 e entsoeng ke Lefapha la Liindasteri tsa Mantlha la NSW e bontšitse hore limithara tsa ultrasound li fokolitse tšebeliso e mpe ea metsi ka 15% mapolasing a k'hothone, li ntlafatsa chai ea lijalo ha li ntse li boloka mohloli o fokolang.
3. Tlhokomelo ea Metsi a Litšila a Liindasteri Jeremane: Limithara tsa Metsi a Bulehileng a Electromagnetic
Difeme tsa tlhahiso tsa Jeremane, tse itlammeng ho latela melao e thata ya tikoloho, di itshetlehile ka di-flowmeter tse bulehileng tsa kanale ya electromagnetic (mohlala, Endress+Hauser's Promag OC) ho lekola ho ntshwa ha metsi a ditshila. Fekthering e kgolo ya dikoloi Bavaria, di-meter tsena di kenngwa ka dikanaleng tse manehilweng ka konkreite ho lekanya sekgahla sa phallo ya metsi a ditshila le ho tsamaisa metsi pele ho kalafo. Bokgoni ba di-meter ba ho sebetsana le dintho tse tiileng tse phahameng (mohlala, di-shaving tsa tshepe, oli) le ho fana ka data ya nako ya sebele ho di-agency tsa tikoloho bo netefatsa ho latela Taelo ya Moralo wa Metsi wa EU. Ka 2020, sistimi e ile ya lemoha keketseho e tshohanyetso maemong a ditshila, e leng se ileng sa baka diphetoho tsa tshebetso hanghang le ho thibela ketsahalo e ka bang teng ya tshilafatso ya noka.
4. Tsamaiso ea Metsi a Lipula tsa Metseng United States: Limithara tsa Lebelo la Acoustic Doppler
Metse e kang Los Angeles, e atisang ho ba le likhohola tse matla le phallo ea metsi litoropong, e sebelisa molumo o phahamengLimithara tsa lebelo la Doppler (ADV)(mohlala, Argonaut-X ea SonTek) ka har'a liphaephe tsa metsi a pula le libaskete tsa ho boloka metsi. Lisebelisoa tsena tse nkehang habobebe, tse sebelisoang nakong ea lipula tse matla, li lekanya lebelo la metsi le botebo ba likanale tse bulehileng ka ho nepahala ho tlase ho milimithara. Ka 2023, Lefapha la Bohloeki la Los Angeles le sebelisitse data ea ADV ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea liheke tsa taolo ea likhohola, ho fokotsa likhohola tsa literateng ka 22% libakeng tse kotsing e kholo. Ho feta moo, limithara li thusa ho lekola meroalo e silafatsang metsi a phallang, li tataisa merero ea meralo ea motheo e reriloeng ea ho hohola literateng le ea tikoloho.
5. Bokgoni ba ho Sebetsa ha Metsi a Metsi Brazil: E Thehiloe ho WeirLipalo tsa phallo
Sebakeng sa Amazon sa Brazil, matamo a motlakase a kang Belo Monte a itshetlehile ka di-flowmeter tse bulehileng tsa kanale tse thehilweng weir ho lekanya phallo ya metsi le phallo ya metsi. Diforomo tsa Parshall tse nang le di-transducer tsa kgatello (mohlala, Hach's FPI-2000) di sebedisetswa ho bala phallo ka ho nepahala ha ±3%, ho netefatsa tshebetso e ntle ya turbine le ho lokollwa ha phallo ya tikoloho. Phuputso ya 2021 ya Eletrobras, k'hamphani ya naha ya motlakase ya Brazil, e bontshitse hore tekanyo e nepahetseng ya phallo e fokoditse nako ya ho se sebetse ha turbine ka 10%, e eketsa tlhahiso ya eneji ya selemo le selemo ka 50 GWh - e lekaneng ho fepa matlo a 25,000.
6. Patlisiso ea Tikoloho ea Noka India: Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA)
Nokeng ea Ganges, bafuputsi ba tsoang Setsing sa Theknoloji sa India (IIT) Kanpur ba sebelisa laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) ho ithuta mekhoa ea phallo e ferekanyang le ho tsamaisoa ha seretse ka har'a likanale tse bulehileng. Litekanyo tse sa kenelleng tsa LDA li thusa ho etsa mohlala oa hore na litšila le limatlafatsi li hasane joang, li tsebisa boiteko ba paballo bakeng sa mefuta e kotsing ea ho timela joalo ka dolphin ea noka ea Ganges. Morerong oa 2022, lintlha tsa LDA li senotse hore merafo ea lehlabathe e fetotse lebelo la phallo libakeng tsa bohlokoa tsa ho behela mahe, e leng se ileng sa etsa hore ho be le likopo tsa melaoana e thata ea merafo.
Qetello
Ho tloha li-delta tse atisang ho ba le likhohola ho ea masimong a omeletseng, li-flowmeter tse bulehileng tsa likanale li ipakile li le bohlokoa bakeng sataolo ea mehloli ea metsi, ho netefatsa ho latela melao ya tikoloho, le ho tshehetsa bokgoni ba indasteri. Diphuputso tsena tsa lefatshe ka bophara di totobatsa ho ikamahanya ha tsona le maemo: Doppler radar bakeng sa karabelo e potlakileng ya dikgohola, di-sensor tsa ultrasonic bakeng sa temo e haellang metsi, le dimithara tsa electromagnetic bakeng sa boikarabello ba indasteri. Ha phetoho ya tlelaemete e ntse e eketsa diphephetso tsa taolo ya metsi, ho nepahala le ho tshepahala ha dimithara tsa phallo ya kanale e bulehileng ho tla hola feela ho bohlokwa haholo ho sireletseng tikoloho le metse ya batho lefatsheng ka bophara.
Nako ea poso: Mmesa-25-2025